String Handling in C
Strings in C are represented as one-dimensional arrays of characters terminated by a null character (
'\0'). Various functions in the
<string.h> header facilitate string manipulation, including finding the length, copying, comparing, and concatenating strings.
1.
strlen()
- Description: Returns the length of the string passed to the function.
- Syntax:
size_t strlen(const char *str);
<code>#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main() {
char str[100];
printf("Enter a string: ");
gets(str);
int length = strlen(str);
printf("Length of the string: %d", length);
return 0;
}</code>
2.
strcpy()
- Description: Copies the contents of the second string into the first string.
- Syntax:
char* strcpy(char *destination, const char *source);
<code>#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main() {
char source[100], destination[100];
printf("Enter a string: ");
gets(source);
strcpy(destination, source);
printf("Copied string: %s", destination);
return 0;
}</code>
3.
strcmp()
- Description: Compares two strings lexically.
- Syntax:
int strcmp(const char *str1, const char *str2);
<code>#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main() {
char str1[100], str2[100];
printf("Enter two strings:\n");
gets(str1);
gets(str2);
int result = strcmp(str1, str2);
if(result == 0)
printf("Strings are equal");
else if(result < 0)
printf("%s is greater", str2);
else
printf("%s is greater", str1);
return 0;
}</code>
4.
strcat()
- Description: Concatenates the second string to the end of the first string.
- Syntax:
char* strcat(char *destination, const char *source);
<code>#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main() {
char str1[100], str2[100];
printf("Enter two strings:\n");
gets(str1);
gets(str2);
strcat(str1, str2);
printf("Concatenated string: %s", str1);
return 0;
}</code>