Answer: The labour (workers’) movement emerged in India in the background of industrialisation.
Textile mills and railway companies came up in the late 19th century; railway workers went on strike in 1899, and the first workers’ organisation, the All India Trade Union Congress, was formed in 1920. The movement organised many agitations in the 1960s and 1970s but began to disintegrate from the 1980s, and globalisation affected it greatly. Workers face problems such as unstable employment, contract labour, financial insecurity, lack of legal protection, unlimited working hours and health hazards.