State the function of each constructional part of a DC motor.

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Q.1 (d) State the function of each constructional part of a DC motor.

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PartFunction Yoke (frame)Outer cast-iron/steel frame; gives mechanical support and protection, and carries the magnetic flux (return path) between poles. Poles and pole shoesPole core carries the field winding; pole shoe spreads the flux uniformly in the air gap and supports the field coils. Field windingCopper coils on the poles; when excited by DC they produce the main magnetic flux. Armature coreLaminated silicon-steel cylinder with slots; houses armature conductors and provides low-reluctance path; laminations reduce eddy-current loss. Armature windingCopper conductors in slots; carry current and experience force (F = BIl) to produce torque. CommutatorCopper segments insulated by mica; reverses current in armature conductors as they pass from one pole to the next so that torque is unidirectional; connects armature to external circuit. BrushesCarbon/graphite blocks pressed on the commutator by springs; conduct current between external supply and rotating commutator. Shaft and bearingsShaft transmits mechanical power to the load; bearings give friction-free rotation.

State the function of each constructional part of a DC motor.

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Part	Function
Yoke (frame)	Outer cast-iron/steel frame; gives mechanical support and protection, and carries the magnetic flux (return path) between poles.
Poles and pole shoes	Pole core carries the field winding; pole shoe spreads the flux uniformly in the air gap and supports the field coils.
Field winding	Copper coils on the poles; when excited by DC they produce the main magnetic flux.
Armature core	Laminated silicon-steel cylinder with slots; houses armature conductors and provides low-reluctance path; laminations reduce eddy-current loss.
Armature winding	Copper conductors in slots; carry current and experience force (F = BIl) to produce torque.
Commutator	Copper segments insulated by mica; reverses current in armature conductors as they pass from one pole to the next so that torque is unidirectional; connects armature to external circuit.
Brushes	Carbon/graphite blocks pressed on the commutator by springs; conduct current between external supply and rotating commutator.
Shaft and bearings	Shaft transmits mechanical power to the load; bearings give friction-free rotation.