In one line
Verbal communication uses words, either written (letters, e-mails, reports) or spoken (talks, calls, meetings), and each suits different situations.
Explained simply
Asking your friend 'Are you coming?' in person gets an instant answer and a smile; writing it in a message leaves a record you can scroll back to. Speaking is quick and personal; writing is lasting and careful.
Technically, verbal communication is any communication that uses language. Written communication records words on paper or screen; oral (spoken) communication delivers words by voice, face-to-face or through devices.
How it works
| Point | Written | Spoken (oral) |
|---|---|---|
| Examples | Letters, e-mails, reports, memos, notices, manuals | Meetings, phone calls, presentations, interviews, conversations |
| Record | Permanent; can be referred to later and used as legal proof | No permanent record unless recorded; may be forgotten |
| Feedback | Delayed | Immediate; doubts cleared on the spot |
| Preparation | Can be drafted, checked and edited | Often spontaneous; less time to choose words |
| Speed and cost | Slower; takes time to write and read | Fast; saves time for short matters |
| Personal touch | Less; tone is hard to show | More; voice and body add warmth and emphasis |
| Best for | Detailed, technical, legal or wide-reach information | Urgent, sensitive or discussion-based matters |
Quick example
A company announces a new leave policy. The HR head first explains it in a town-hall meeting (spoken: quick, questions answered, tone reassuring) and then e-mails the policy document (written: exact rules, permanent record, can be checked later). Using both methods together gives speed and accuracy.
Common mistakes
- Calling non-verbal cues 'non-written'; verbal means 'using words', so e-mail is verbal too.
- Writing only merits; examiners expect both merits and limitations of each.
- Saying written communication has 'no feedback'; feedback exists but is delayed.
How MU asks it
Asked as 'Compare written and oral communication' or 'State merits and demerits of written communication' (5 marks). A comparison table with six to eight points, a one-line definition of each, and one workplace example showing when to use which earns full marks.