Profit, loss and discount
- An article bought for ₹640 is sold for ₹720. What is the profit percent? Answer: C. 12.5% Answer: (C) 12.5% Profit = ₹80. Profit% = 80/640 × 100 = 12.5% . Trap: 80/720 gives 11 1/9%; profit% is always on the cost... 1
- An article costing ₹1,200 is sold at a loss of 15%. What is the selling price? Answer: A. ₹1020 Answer: (A) ₹1020 SP = 85% of 1200 = ₹1020. 1
- The marked price of a jacket is ₹2,500. A discount of 12% is given. What is the selling price? Answer: D. ₹2200 Answer: (D) ₹2200 Discount = 12% of 2500 = ₹300. SP = 2500 − 300 = ₹2200. 1
- By selling an article for ₹1,150, a shopkeeper gains 15%. What is its cost price? Answer: C. ₹1000 Answer: (C) ₹1000 Shortcut: CP = SP ÷ 1.15 = 1150 ÷ 1.15 = ₹1000. Trap: taking 15% off ₹1,150 gives ₹977.50, which is wrong... 1
- What single discount is equal to two successive discounts of 20% and 10%? Answer: B. 28% Answer: (B) 28% Shortcut: a + b - ab/100 = 20 + 10 - 2 = 28% . Plain: 100 → 80 → 72, a total discount of 28%. 1
- The cost price of 12 articles equals the selling price of 10 articles. What is the profit percent? Answer: B. 20% Answer: (B) 20% Shortcut: profit% = 12 - 10/10 × 100 = 20% (divide by the number sold). Plain: let each CP = ₹1. SP of 10 = ₹... 1
- A shopkeeper sells rice at cost price but uses a 900 g weight instead of 1 kg. What is his profit percent? Answer: B. 111/9 % Answer: (B) 111/9 % Shortcut: profit% = error/true weight - error × 100 = 100/900 × 100 = 111/9% . He gives 900 g but cha... 1
- A vendor buys pens at 5 for ₹40 and sells them at 4 for ₹40. What is his profit percent? Answer: B. 25% Answer: (B) 25% CP of one pen = ₹8, SP of one pen = ₹10. Profit% = 2/8 × 100 = 25% . Shortcut: same money, so profit% = (5 −... 1
- A shopkeeper marks his goods 30% above the cost price and gives a discount of 10%. What is his profit percent? Answer: A. 17% Answer: (A) 17% Shortcut: 30 - 10 - 30 × 10/100 = 17% . Plain: CP 100 → MP 130 → SP 117. Profit = 17%. 1
- A trader sells two articles for ₹990 each. On one he gains 10% and on the other he loses 10%. What is his overall gain or loss percentage? Answer: B. 1% loss Answer: (B) 1% loss CP of first = 990/1.1 = 900 ; CP of second = 990/0.9 = 1100 . Total CP = 2000, total SP = 1980. Loss... 1
- A shopkeeper marks his goods 40% above the cost price and allows a discount of 15% on the marked price. What is his profit percentage? Answer: B. 19% Answer: (B) 19% Let CP = 100. MP = 140. SP = 140 × 0.85 = 119 . Profit = 19%. 1