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Physics and Measurement

Units of measurement, SI units, fundamental and derived units Least count, significant figures and errors in measurement Dimensions and dimensional analysis

Kinematics

Frame of reference, motion in a straight line, speed and velocity Position-time and velocity-time graphs Uniformly accelerated motion relations Scalars and vectors: addition, subtraction, resolution, unit vector Scalar and vector products Relative velocity Projectile motion Uniform circular motion

Laws of Motion

Newton's laws, force and inertia, momentum, impulse Conservation of linear momentum and applications Equilibrium of concurrent forces Static and kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction Dynamics of uniform circular motion: level and banked road

Work, Energy and Power

Work by constant and variable force Kinetic and potential energy, work-energy theorem Power Potential energy of spring, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and non-conservative forces Motion in a vertical circle Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions

Rotational Motion

Centre of mass of two-particle system and rigid body Moment of force, torque Angular momentum and its conservation Moment of inertia, radius of gyration, MI of simple objects Parallel and perpendicular axes theorems Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation, equations of rotational motion Comparison of linear and rotational motion

Gravitation

Universal law of gravitation Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth Kepler's laws of planetary motion Gravitational potential energy and gravitational potential Escape velocity Motion of a satellite: orbital velocity, time period and energy

Properties of Solids and Liquids

Elastic behaviour, stress-strain, Hooke's law, Young's, bulk and rigidity moduli Fluid pressure, Pascal's law and applications Viscosity, Stokes' law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, critical velocity Bernoulli's principle and applications Surface energy, surface tension, angle of contact, excess pressure, drops, bubbles, capillary rise Heat, temperature and thermal expansion Specific heat capacity, calorimetry, change of state, latent heat Heat transfer: conduction, convection, radiation

Thermodynamics

Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law, temperature Heat, work and internal energy First law of thermodynamics Isothermal and adiabatic processes Second law, reversible and irreversible processes

Kinetic Theory of Gases

Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas Kinetic theory assumptions and pressure Kinetic interpretation of temperature, RMS speed Degrees of freedom, equipartition of energy, specific heats of gases Mean free path, Avogadro's number

Oscillations and Waves

Periodic motion: time period, frequency, displacement as function of time SHM and its equation, phase Spring oscillations, restoring force, force constant Energy in SHM Simple pendulum Wave motion: longitudinal and transverse waves, wave speed Progressive wave displacement relation, superposition, reflection Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, harmonics Beats

Electrostatics

Electric charge, conservation, Coulomb's law, superposition Electric field, field lines, field of point charge Electric dipole, field due to dipole, torque in uniform field Electric flux and Gauss's law applications Electric potential, potential difference, equipotential surfaces Electrostatic potential energy of charges and dipole Conductors, insulators, dielectrics and polarization Capacitors, series and parallel combination, parallel plate capacitor with/without dielectric Energy stored in a capacitor

Current Electricity

Electric current, drift velocity, mobility Ohm's law, resistance, V-I characteristics of ohmic and non-ohmic conductors Resistivity, conductivity and temperature dependence of resistance Electrical energy and power Series and parallel combination of resistors Internal resistance, emf, cells in series and parallel Kirchhoff's laws and applications Wheatstone bridge and metre bridge

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Biot-Savart law, field of circular loop Ampere's law: straight wire and solenoid Force on moving charge in magnetic and electric fields Force on current-carrying conductor, force between parallel currents Torque on current loop, moving coil galvanometer, conversion to ammeter and voltmeter Current loop and bar magnet as magnetic dipole, field along axis and equator Torque on magnetic dipole in uniform field Para-, dia- and ferromagnetism, effect of temperature

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Faraday's law, induced emf and current Lenz's law and eddy currents Self and mutual inductance AC peak and RMS values Reactance, impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance Power in AC circuits, wattless current AC generator and transformer

Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement current EM waves, characteristics and transverse nature Electromagnetic spectrum and applications

Optics

Reflection, spherical mirrors, mirror formula Refraction at plane and spherical surfaces, thin lens and lens maker formula Total internal reflection and applications Magnification, power of lens, combination of thin lenses Refraction through a prism Microscope and astronomical telescope Wavefront, Huygens' principle, laws of reflection and refraction Interference and Young's double-slit experiment Diffraction due to a single slit Polarization, Brewster's law, Polaroids

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Dual nature of radiation Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations Einstein's photoelectric equation, particle nature of light Matter waves, de Broglie relation

Atoms and Nuclei

Alpha-particle scattering, Rutherford's model Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses Mass-energy relation, mass defect, binding energy per nucleon Nuclear fission and fusion

Electronic Devices

Semiconductors p-n junction diode I-V characteristics Diode as a rectifier LED, photodiode and solar cell Zener diode as voltage regulator Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR)

Experimental Skills

Vernier calipers and screw gauge Simple pendulum and metre scale (principle of moments) Young's modulus, surface tension and viscosity experiments Speed of sound by resonance tube Specific heat capacity by method of mixtures Metre bridge resistivity, Ohm's law and galvanometer (half deflection) experiments Focal length of mirrors and lens by parallax method Prism i-d curve and refractive index by travelling microscope p-n junction and Zener diode characteristic curves Identification of diode, LED, resistor, capacitor