Natural methods, barrier methods (condom), oral contraceptive pills, intrauterine devices (Copper-T) and surgical methods (vasectomy and tubectomy).
- Natural method: avoiding intercourse during the fertile period of the menstrual cycle.
- Barrier method: condoms prevent sperms from reaching the ovum (and also reduce sexually transmitted diseases).
- Oral contraceptive pills: hormonal pills that prevent ovulation.
- Copper-T (IUD): placed in the uterus by a doctor to prevent pregnancy.
- Surgical methods: vasectomy (vas deferens cut and tied in men) and tubectomy (oviducts cut and tied in women); these are permanent.