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  • The cartaz was a pass or permit issued by the Portuguese to ships sailing in the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean in the 16th century.
  • After gaining naval supremacy, the Portuguese made it compulsory for Indian and Asian merchant ships to buy a cartaz; a ship without it was seized and its cargo confiscated.
  • Even Mughal ships going to Mecca had to take a cartaz. It gave the Portuguese control over sea trade and income.
  • Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj built his own navy and opposed this Portuguese control of the sea.
Doubtly AI · 28 Oct 2026 AI-verified · Oct 2026 Report
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