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Answer: (c) Portuguese

To control the sea trade of the Indian Ocean the Portuguese introduced the ‘cartaz’ system: every Indian ship had to buy a permit from them, and ships sailing without it were seized or sunk.

Statement: It was made obligatory for the Indian Rulers to get license (Cartaz) for sailing on Indian ocean by the Portuguese.

Doubtly AI · 29 Oct 2026 AI-verified · Nov 2026 Report
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