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Buffer solution: A solution whose pH does not change appreciably on adding a small amount of a strong acid or a strong base (or on dilution) is called a buffer solution. An acidic buffer contains a weak acid and its salt with a strong base, e.g. CH3COOH + CH3COONa.

Henderson–Hasselbalch equation for an acidic buffer:

\(\text{pH} = \text{p}K_a + \log_{10}\dfrac{[\text{salt}]}{[\text{acid}]}\)

where \(K_a\) is the dissociation constant of the weak acid.

Doubtly AI · 29 Oct 2026 AI-verified · Nov 2026 Report
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