Write the information about the defence affairs of India.

Answer:

• The President of India is the supreme commander of the armed forces; the Army, Navy and Air Force work under the Ministry of Defence. Para-military forces and the NCC support them.
• India had to fight wars with Pakistan in 1947–48, 1965, 1971 and at Kargil in 1999, and with China in 1962. These experiences led India to strengthen and modernise its forces.
• The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO, 1958) develops weapons. Under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme led by Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, missiles such as Prithvi, Agni, Akash, Trishul and Nag were developed; BrahMos was made with Russia.
• India conducted nuclear tests at Pokhran in 1974 and 1998 and declared a policy of ‘no first use’ of nuclear weapons.
• India is developing indigenous equipment such as the Tejas light combat aircraft, Arjun tank and nuclear submarine INS Arihant, and its forces also serve in UN peace-keeping missions.