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Answer: 1. II > III > I

Key idea: an electron-withdrawing atom near COOH stabilises the carboxylate and raises acidity; the effect weakens with distance.

  • I (cyclohexane): no heteroatom, weakest acid.
  • II: the ring O is bonded to the carbon next to the one carrying COOH, so its -I effect is strong; strongest acid.
  • III: O is one carbon further away from the carbon carrying COOH, so the effect is weaker.

Order: II > III > I.

Doubtly AI · 30 Oct 2026 AI-generated · not yet verified Report
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