Chemistry
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- Define: Liquid state Liquid state is the intermediate state between solid state and gaseous state. 2
- Give reason: Liquid possesses properties such as fluidity, definite volume and ability to take shape of the bottom Molecules of liquid are held together by moderately strong intermolecular forces and can move about within the boundary of the liquid. As a... 1
- Name some measurable properties of liquid. Density Boiling point Freezing point Vapour pressure Surface tension Viscosity. 1
- What are the factors affecting vapour pressure? Factors affecting vapour pressure: Nature of liquid: Liquids having relatively weak intermolecular forces possess high vapour pressure. Such... 1
- Explain how temperature affects surface tension. Surface tension is a temperature dependent property. When attractive forces are large, surface tension is large. Surface tension decreases a... 1
- Mention some applications of surface tension. Applications of surface tension: Cleaning action of soap and detergent is due to the lowering of interfacial tension between water and oily... 1
- Give reason: Liquid droplets acquire spherical shape. For a given volume of a liquid, spherical shape always imparts minimum surface area thereby reducing the surface tension. Hence, liquid drop... 2
- Define: Coefficient of viscosity Coefficient of viscosity is defined as the degree to which a fluid resists flow under an applied force, measured by the tangential frictiona... 1
- Describe various factors affecting viscosity of a liquid. Factors affecting viscosity of a liquid: i. Temperature: Viscosity is a temperature dependent property. Viscosity ∝ 1/ Temperature ii. Natur... 1
- Describe three daily life instances where viscosity plays an important role. Lubricating oils are viscous liquids. Gradation of lubricating oils is done on the basis of viscosity. A good quality lubricating oil does n... 1
- A balloon containing 0.6 mol of helium gas has a volume of 1.5 L. i. The volume of the balloon increases. ii. The volume of the balloon decreases. 2
- In an experiment conducted to study the diffusion of gases using same experimental conditions, following data i. Volume of gas A diffused = 50 cm³ Time required for diffusion = 7 minutes = 7 × 60 seconds Rate\ of\ diffusion\ of\ a\ gas =Volume\ of \... 1
- What makes the oil rise through the wick in an oil lamp? In an oil lamp, oil rises through the wick due to the capillary action. Such a capillary rise of oil is due to surface tension of oil. The w... 1
- Where is Dalton’s law applicable? Air is gaseous mixture of different gases. Dalton’s law is useful for the study of various phenomena in air, for example, air pollution. 1
- Do all pure gases and mixtures of gases obey the gas laws? Yes, the gas laws are also applicable to the mixtures of gases. The measurable properties of mixture of the gases such as pressure, temperat... 1
- point out the difference between 12 carbon and 12 uof cardon 12 g of carbon is one mole of carbon atoms, while 12 u is the mass of a single carbon-12 atom. (Reading the question as "12 g of carbon" and... 1
- Explain structure and bonding of diborane. Electronic configuration of boron is 1s² 2s² 2p¹. Thus, it has only three valence electrons. In diborane, each boron atom is sp³ hybridized.... 1
- Explain the trend in oxidation state of elements from nitrogen to bismuth. Group 15 elements have five valence electrons (ns² np³). Common oxidation states are -3, +3 and +5. The range of oxidation state is from -3... 1
- What are silicones? Where are they used? Silicones are organosilicon polymers having R₂SiO (where, R = CH₃ or C₆H₅ group) as a repeating unit held together by Since the empirical fo... 1
- Find out the difference between White phosphorus and Red phosphorus White phosphorus Red phosphorus It consists of discrete tetrahedral P₄ molecules. It consists chains of P₄ molecules linked together by cova... 1
- Find out the difference between Diamond and Graphite Diamond Graphite It has a three-dimensional network structure. It has a two-dimensional hexagonal layered structure. In diamond, each carbon... 1
- Name a molecule having banana bond. Diborane (B₂H₆) 2
- What is hybridization of Al in AlCl3? Al is sp² hybridized in AlCl₃. 2
- Explain the trend of the following in group 13 elements : A. atomic radii B. ionization enthalpy C. electron affinity A. Atomic radii: In group 13, on moving down the group, the atomic radii increases from B to Al. However, there is an anomaly observed in th... 1