Compare the natural vegetation of India and Brazil.
Q.7 (2) Compare the natural vegetation of India and Brazil.
Answer:
| Brazil | India |
|---|---|
| Dense tropical evergreen rainforests (selvas) cover the Amazon basin because of high temperature and heavy rainfall throughout the year. Trees are tall and broad-leaved. | Tropical evergreen forests are found only in areas of heavy rainfall: the Western Ghats, the north-east and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. |
| Tropical grasslands with scattered trees are found on the Brazilian Highlands; thorny bushes grow in the dry north-east (drought quadrilateral). | Tropical deciduous forests (teak, sal) are the most widespread; thorny bushes grow in dry areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat. |
| Coastal forests and mangroves along the Atlantic coast; mixed and coniferous forests in the cooler south; wetland vegetation in the Pantanal. | Mangrove forests in deltas such as the Sundarbans; Himalayan vegetation changes with height, from deciduous to coniferous (pine, deodar) to alpine. |
| Brazil has the largest number of plant species in the world; its forests are being cleared for cattle rearing, farming, mining and roads. | Forest cover is reduced in many areas by population pressure; forests and wildlife are protected through national parks and sanctuaries. |
Conclusion: Both countries are rich in biodiversity. Brazil has a much larger area under dense evergreen forest, while India has greater variety due to the Himalayas and the monsoon climate.