Q.1 (x) Which one of the following is an example of primary succession?
A. Abandoned agricultural fields grow wild plants.
B. New grasses grown on savanna after a wildfire.
C. Newly formed volcanic island is colonised by Lichens.
D. Miyawaki plantation on hill slopes.
Best answer
Answer: C. Newly formed volcanic island is colonised by Lichens.
Answer: (c) Newly formed volcanic island is colonised by Lichens.
Primary succession begins on a bare area where no soil or life existed before, such as newly cooled lava or bare rock. Lichens are the pioneer species there. Abandoned fields and burnt grasslands still have soil, so their recolonisation is secondary succession, and a Miyawaki plantation is man-made afforestation.
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