Answer:
F.W. Taylor, the father of scientific management, gave the following principles:
- Science, not rule of thumb: Every job should be done by a scientific method based on study and analysis (time study, motion study), not by guesswork or traditional rule of thumb.
- Harmony, not discord: There should be complete harmony between management and workers. Both should realise that they need each other; Taylor called for a ‘mental revolution’ in their attitudes.
- Co-operation, not individualism: Management and workers should co-operate with each other. Management should take workers’ suggestions and workers should not go on strikes or make unreasonable demands.
- Maximum output in place of restricted output: Both management and workers should aim at maximum production, which increases profits for employers and wages for workers.
- Development of each person to his greatest efficiency and prosperity: Workers should be scientifically selected, trained and placed in jobs suited to them, so that they reach maximum efficiency and earn higher wages.
