Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium also gives m-nitroaniline because

Question

1. In spite of substituents nitro group always goes to only m-position. 2. In absence of substituents nitro group always goes to m-position. 3. In electrophilic substitution reactions amino group is meta directive. 4. In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present as anilinium ion.

Doubtly AI · Accepted Answer

Answer: 4. In acidic (strong) medium aniline is present as anilinium ion. Aniline is nitrated with a mixture of HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ , which is strongly acidic. In this medium the basic -NH₂ group is protonated to the anilinium ion C₆H₅NH₃^+ . The -NH₃^+ group is electron-withdrawing and meta directing, so a large amount of m-nitroaniline forms along with the o- and p- products. The amino group itself is ortho/para directing, so option 3 is wrong.

Nitration of aniline in strong acidic medium also gives m-nitroaniline because

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