Hydrocarbons
Topics
- Classification, isomerism, nomenclature, preparation
- Alkanes: conformations, halogenation mechanism
- Alkenes: geometrical isomerism, electrophilic addition, Markovnikov and peroxide effect
- Alkenes: ozonolysis and polymerization
- Alkynes: acidic character and addition reactions
- Benzene: structure and aromaticity
- Electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel-Crafts
- Directive influence in monosubstituted benzene
Chapter tests
See all →Top questions
See all →- How many products (including stereoisomers) are expected from monochlorination of the following compound?(CH_3)_2CH-CH_2-CH_3 Answer: 4. 6 Key idea: count the distinct kinds of hydrogen in 2-methylbutane, then count stereoisomers. Two equivalent CH₃ on C-2: 1-chloro... 1
- Which one of the following compounds does not decolourize bromine water? Answer: 1. cyclohexane Key idea: bromine water is decolourised by alkenes (addition) and by activated aromatics (substitution). Styrene: C=C... 1
- Which one of the following reactions does NOT give benzene as the product ? Answer: 4. benzenediazonium chloride with H₂O , warm Key idea: identify the product of each reaction. Sodium benzoate + soda lime, heat: dec... 1
- For the given reaction:[scheme: ring-C(H)=CH-ring KMnO_4/H^+ 'P' (major product), see figure]'P' is Answer: 3. [structure: ring-COOH] Key idea: hot or acidic KMnO₄ cleaves a C=C bond and oxidises each fragment fully to the carboxylic acid.... 1
- Given below are two statements:Statement I : The boiling point of three isomeric pentanes follows the ordern-pentane > isopentane > neopentaneStatement II : When branching increases, the molecule attains a shape of sphere. This results in smaller sur… Answer: 2. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct. Key idea: among isomers, more branching means a more spherical shape and a lower b... 1
- Consider the following compounds/species :i. naphthalene ii. cyclopentadienyl anion iii. cyclobutadiene iv. cyclopropenyl anion v. cyclopropenyl cation vi. cyclooctatetraene vii. anthracene (all drawn as structures)The number of compounds/species whi… Answer: 2. 4 Key idea: Hückel's rule: a planar, cyclic, fully conjugated species with (4n+2) π electrons is aromatic. i. Naphthalene: 10 π e... 1