Question

Classify the acids according to their basicity and give one example of each type.

Answer 1

The number of ionizable hydrogen (H⁺) ions obtainable by dissociation of one molecule of an acid is called its basicity
For example :
HCl   ---------> H⁺ + Cl^-
Basicity of HCl is 1.

H₂SO₄ ------> 2H⁺ + SO₄^2-
Basicity of H₂SO₄ is 2.

Based on Basicity acids were classified into different types:
1. Mono-basic acids
2. Di-basic acids
3. Tri-basic acids

1. Mono-basic acids:

Acids, which on ionization produce one hydrogen ion.

Example: HCl, HNO₃ etc.

2. Di-basic acids:

Acids, which on ionization produce two hydrogen ion

Example: H₂SO_4, H₂CO₃ etc.

3. Tri-basic acids:

Acids, which on ionization produce three hydrogen ion

Example: H₃PO₄, H₃PO₃ etc.