Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

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Pneumatophores occur in Answer: 1. Halophytes Pneumatophores are breathing roots that grow upward out of waterlogged, salty soil. They are found in mangrove plants... Morphology: root, stem, leaf and modifications 1 answer
Which of the following is made up of dead cells ? Answer: 2. Phellem Phellem (cork) is made of dead cells with suberin deposits in the walls and no protoplasm. Collenchyma, phloem (sieve ele... Plant tissues and anatomy of root, stem, leaf 1 answer
The morphological nature of the edible part of coconut is : Answer: 2. Endosperm The edible white kernel of coconut is its endosperm. Coconut water is free-nuclear liquid endosperm, and the white kern... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Coconut fruit is a : Answer: 4. Drupe Coconut is a drupe: a one-seeded fruit developed from a superior ovary. It has a fibrous mesocarp (husk) and a hard stony e... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
In Bougainvillea thorns are the modifications of : Answer: 2. Stem The thorns of Bougainvillea are modified stems (axillary buds changed into hard, pointed thorns). They protect the plant fro... Morphology: root, stem, leaf and modifications 1 answer
The vascular cambium normally gives rise to : Answer: 2. Secondary xylem Key idea: Vascular cambium is a lateral meristem that adds cells on both sides. It cuts off secondary xylem inwar... Plant tissues and anatomy of root, stem, leaf 1 answer
Root hairs develop from the region of : Answer: 4. Maturation Key idea: Root zones from tip upward: root cap, meristematic, elongation, maturation. Cells in the maturation zone dif... Morphology: root, stem, leaf and modifications 1 answer
Identify the wrong statement in context of heartwood : Answer: 2. It conducts water and minerals efficiently Key idea: Heartwood is the old, central secondary xylem that has stopped conducting. I... Plant tissues and anatomy of root, stem, leaf 1 answer
Which of the following facilitates opening of stomatal aperture ? Answer: 2. Radial orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall of guard cells Key idea: A stoma opens when guard cells become turg... Plant tissues and anatomy of root, stem, leaf 1 answer
The term 'polyadelphous' is related to Answer: 1. androecium Polyadelphous means stamens united by their filaments into more than two bundles (for example in Citrus). Stamens belo... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Radial symmetry is found in the flowers of Answer: 4. *Brassica* Radial symmetry (actinomorphic) is seen in Brassica (cruciferae). Trifolium and Pisum have zygomorphic papilionaceous... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Free-central placentation is found in Answer: 4. *Dianthus* Free-central placentation, in which ovules sit on a central axis without septa, is found in Dianthus and Primula. Arge... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
How many plants among *Indigofera*, *Sesbania*, *Salvia*, *Allium*, *Aloe*, mustard, groundnut, radish, gram and turnip have stamens with different lengths in their flowers? Answer: 1. Four Count the plants whose flowers have stamens of unequal length. Salvia: only two stamens, with unequal arms and a lever-like... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Cortex is the region found between Answer: 4. epidermis and stele The cortex is the ground tissue that lies between the epidermis and the stele (the vascular region enclosed b... Plant tissues and anatomy of root, stem, leaf 1 answer
The balloon-shaped structures called tyloses Answer: 2. are extensions of xylem parenchyma cells into vessels Tyloses are balloon-like outgrowths of xylem parenchyma cells that protrude... Plant tissues and anatomy of root, stem, leaf 1 answer
Match Column—I with Column—II and select the correct option using the codes given below :Column—I: a. Pistils fused together; b. Formation of gametes; c. Hyphae of higher Ascomycetes; d. Unisexual female flowerColumn—II: (i) Gametogenesis; (ii) Pisti… Answer: 3. (iii) (i) (iv) (ii) Match each term by its meaning: a. Pistils fused together = syncarpous (iii) b. Formation of gametes = gameto... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Cotyledon of maize grain is called : Answer: 4. scutellum In maize (a monocot) the single cotyledon is a shield-shaped structure called the scutellum, lying towards one side of... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Stems modified into flat green organs performing the functions of leaves are known as : Answer: 3. Phylloclades Flat, green stems that do the work of leaves (photosynthesis) are phylloclades, e.g. Opuntia. Cladodes: short stem b... Morphology: root, stem, leaf and modifications 1 answer
Specialised epidermal cells surrounding the guard cells are called : Answer: 2. Subsidiary cells Epidermal cells around the guard cells, which differ from other epidermal cells, are subsidiary cells. Bulliform... Plant tissues and anatomy of root, stem, leaf 1 answer
Which of the following is not a stem modification ? Answer: 1. Pitcher of Nepenthes The pitcher of Nepenthes is a modified leaf, not a stem. Thorns of citrus: modified axillary buds (stem). Te... Morphology: root, stem, leaf and modifications 1 answer
The standard petal of a papilionaceous corolla is also called : Answer: 3. Vexillum Key idea: In a papilionaceous corolla (pea family), the large back petal is the standard or vexillum. There are two late... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Tricarpellary, syncarpous gynoecium is found in flowers of : Answer: 1. Liliaceae Key idea: Liliaceae flowers have a tricarpellary, syncarpous gynoecium (superior ovary). Solanaceae has a bicarpellary... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Proximal end of the filament of stamen is attached to the : Answer: 4. Thalamus or petal Key idea: A stamen has an anther (distal) and a filament (long, stalk-like). The proximal end of the filament a... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer

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