Carbon and its Compounds
- Explain the mechanism of the cleaning action of soaps. The dirt present on clothes is organic in nature and insoluble in water. Therefore, it cannot be removed by only washing with water. When so... 1
- Give a test that can be used to differentiate chemically between butter and cooking oil. Butter contains saturated fats. Therefore, it cannot be hydrogenated. On the other hand, oil has unsaturated fats. That is why it can be hyd... 2
- Which of the following hydrocarbons undergo addition reactions: C2, H6, C3H8, C3H6, C2H2 and CH4. Unsaturated hydrocarbons undergo addition reactions. Being unsaturated hydrocarbons, C₃H₆ and C₂H₂ undergo addition reactions. 1
- What is hydrogenation? What is its industrial application? Hydrogenation is the chemical reaction between hydrogen and other compounds in the presence of catalyst. Hydrogenation is used mainly to red... 2
- What change will you observe if you test soap with litmus paper (red and blue)? Since soap is basic in nature, it will turn red litmus blue. However, the colour of blue litmus will remain blue. 1
- Explain the formation of scum when hard water is treated with soap. Hard water often contains salts of calcium and magnesium. Soap molecules react with the salts of calcium and magnesium and form a precipitat... 1
- Why are carbon and its compounds used as fuels for most applications? Carbon and its compounds give large amount of heat on combustion due to high percentage of carbon and hydrogen. Carbon compounds used as fue... 1
- Why does micelle formation take place when soap is added to water? Soap molecule has two ends. One end is hydrophilic and another end is hydrophobic. When soap is dissolved in water and clothes are put in th... 2
- How can ethanol and ethanoic acid be differentiated on the basis of their physical and chemical properties? Ethanol and Ethanoic acid be differentiated on the basis of their following properties: → Ethanol is a liquid at room temperature with a ple... 1
- What is a homologous series? Explain with an example. A homologous series is a series of carbon compounds that have different numbers of carbon atoms but contain the same functional group. For e... 1
- Draw the electron dot structures for (a) ethanoic acid. (b) H2S. (c) propanone. (d) F2. (a) ethanoic acid. (b) H₂S. (c) propanone. https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-f094hG0mOdM/YbC7aIlXOCI/AAAAAAAAC48/OTqTboXC68IMajlrBd2YhgRHex... 2
- Explain the nature of the covalent bond using the bond formation in CH3Cl. The structure of CH₃Cl is given below: Carbon has four valence electrons. It shares 1 electron each with 3 hydrogen atoms and 1 electron wit... 1
- While cooking, if the bottom of the vessel is getting blackened on the outside, it means that Correct option is b) the fuel is not burning completely. 2
- Butanone is a four-carbon compound with the functional group (a) carboxylic acid. correct option is c) ketone 2
- Ethane, with the molecular formula C2H6 has (a) 6 covalent bonds. (b) 7 covalent bonds. Correct option is b) 7 covalent bonds. 2
- People use a variety of methods to wash clothes. Usually after adding the soap A soap molecule has two parts namely hydrophobic and hydrophilic. With the help of these, it attaches to the grease or dirt particle and for... 1
- Would you be able to check if water is hard by using a detergent? Detergent gives lather with hard and soft water both, while a soap gives lather with soft water only. Thus, it is not possible to check if w... 1
- What are oxidising agents? Oxidising agents are the substances that gain electrons in redox reaction and whose oxidation number is reduced. 1
- How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid? Carboxylic acid on reaction with sodium carbonate produces carbon dioxide gas which turns lime water milky whereas alcohols do not give this... 1
- A mixture of oxygen and ethyne is burnt for welding. Can you tell why a mixture of ethyne and air is not used? 2HC ≡ CH + 5O₂ → 4CO₂ + 2H₂O + Heat When ethyne is burnt in air, it gives a sooty flame. This is due to incomplete combustion caused by limi... 1
- Why is the conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid an oxidation reaction? CH₃CH₂OH + (Alkaline KMnO₄) → CH₃COOH Since, in this reaction one oxygen is added to ethanol, hence it is an oxidation reaction. 1
- How would you name the following compounds? (i) Bromoethane (ii) Methanal (formaldehyde) (iii) Hexyne 1
- Draw the structures for the following compounds. (i) Ethanoic acid (ii) Bromopentane* (i) Ethanoic acid https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-ARjQ1Ber6tU/Ya7NyFRf-fI/AAAAAAAAC4Q/5FvOw-OtaigG6V8K3TqXXzZsPPdfp6wgwCNcBGAsYHQ/image.p... 2
- What will be the formula and electron dot structure of cyclopentane? The formula for cyclopentane is C₅H₁₀. Its electron dot structure is given below. 1