Maharashtra HSC Geography Board Paper July 2025 with Answers

Q.1 (A) (1) Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C': Ice covered region

Q.1 (A) (2) Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C': Administrative city

Q.1 (A) (3) Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C': Shifting agriculture

Q.1 (A) (4) Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C': Cottage industry

Q.1 (A) (5) Complete the chain according to the co-relation of factors in column 'A', 'B' and 'C': Global Positioning System (GPS)

Q.1 (B) (1) Important component of population change :

Q.1 (B) (2) Land use in Rural Area :

Q.1 (B) (3) Characteristics of Extensive Commercial Grain Farming :

Q.1 (B) (4) Mineral Based Industries :

Q.1 (B) (5) Tertiary Economic Activities :

Q.1 (C) (1) True or False : If the proportion of working population is high, then the possibility of economic development is high.

Q.1 (C) (2) True or False : Tertiary occupations are non productive.

Q.1 (C) (3) True or False : Africa's Kalahari desert is the land of Eskimos.

Q.1 (C) (4) True or False : Every country has its own definition of literacy.

Q.1 (C) (5) True or False : Location of human settlement is not affected by physical factors.

Q.1 (D) (1) Identify the correct correlation :
A : Assertion R : Reasoning
A : In population pyramid a broad base indicates high number of children.
R : Broad apex of pyramid is an indicator of high number of elderly.

Q.1 (D) (2) Identify the incorrect factor :

Q.1 (D) (3) Arrange the following settlements according to the population in ascending order :

(a) Metropolitan city
(b) Suburb
(c) City
(d) Megacity

Q.1 (D) (4) Identify the correct group :

Q.1 (D) (5) Arrange the following industries in ascending order on the basis of their capital investment.

(a) Medium scale industries
(b) Small scale industries
(c) Large scale industries
(d) Micro scale industries

Q.2 (1) Give geographical reasons : Climate affects the distribution of population.

Q.2 (2) Give geographical reasons : Literacy rate of a country is an indicator of its socio-economic development.

Q.2 (3) Give geographical reasons : Mining is developed in the Chota Nagpur Plateau in India.

Q.2 (4) Give geographical reasons : Regional development is dependent on physiography of a region.

Q.2 (5) Give geographical reasons : The scope of geography is widening day-by-day.

Q.2 (6) Give geographical reasons : Extensive agriculture is a commercial type of agriculture.

Q.3 (1) Differentiate between : Lumbering in Equatorial Forests and Temperate forests

Q.3 (2) Differentiate between : Demographic Transition Theory Stage 1 and Stage 5

Q.3 (3) Differentiate between : Waterways and Airways

Q.3 (4) Differentiate between : Physical Region and Political Region

Q.3 (5) Differentiate between : Determinism and Possibilism

Q.4 (A) (1) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index : Lowest populated continent

Q.4 (A) (2) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index : A city in India: attracts a large number of immigrants : Mumbai

Q.4 (A) (3) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index : A country having highest life expectancy : Japan

Q.4 (A) (4) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index : Administrative City : Moscow

Q.4 (A) (5) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index : London to New York Airway

Q.4 (A) (6) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index : Suez Canal

Q.4 (A) (7) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index : Area of commercial animal husbandry in South America : Pampas

Q.4 (A) (8) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index : Industrial Region in South Africa : Kimberley Witwatersand.

Q.4 (B) Read the following map/graphs and answer the questions given below :

[Figure: World map titled 'Map Reading - World Industrial Region'. Index: shaded area = Industrial Region. Shaded industrial regions are labelled: New England and Mid Atlantic Region (U.S.A.); South Brazil; Argentina; Great Britain and France; Siberian Region; Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Bengaluru and Chota Nagpur (India); Osaka-Kobe and Kyoto (Japan); Perth, Adelaide and Sydney (Australia); Auckland (New Zealand). No industrial region is shown in Africa. The map shows a North direction arrow and lines of latitude.]

Questions :
(1) What does map indicate?
(2) In which continent Perth and Sydney industrial regions are located?
(3) Name the industrial regions in the U.S.A.
(4) Which continent has less industrial development?
(5) In which country Osaka-Kobe and Kyoto industrial regions are located?

Q.5 (1) Write short notes on : Land use in Rural area.

Q.5 (2) Write short notes on : Factors affecting Fishing activity.

Q.5 (3) Write short notes on : Importance of artificial satellites as means of communication.

Q.5 (4) Write short notes on : Causes of regional imbalance in India.

Q.5 (5) Write short notes on : Nature of Geography.

Q.6 (A) Read the following passage and answer the questions given below :

Age Composition

There are three basic determinants of age composition of a population. These includes natality (fertility), mortality and mobility. According to Clarke (1972), these three determinants of age structure are inter-dependent and any change in one of these may influence the other two. Through these variables socio-economic conditions influence the age structure.

It is fertility rate that determines the proportion of population in different age categories.

That is why, the countries of Latin America, Africa and Asia which are characterized by high birth rates display large proportion in young age groups. In most of the countries of these continents, about two fifth of population is below 15 years of age. In India, 36% of its population is below 15 years, according to 2001 census. By contrast, the countries with low fertility rate and longer life expectancy, have about one fourth of their population in the younger age groups. But the proportion of population in the older age groups in these countries is relatively large. Most of the countries of Northwestern Europe and North America, CIS countries, Australia and Japan belong to this category. A continuous downward trend in fertility contributes to the increase in the proportion of population in older age.

Questions :
(1) What are basic determinants of age composition?
(2) Which continent has large proportion of young age group?
(3) According to 2001 census, what is the percentage of population aged below 15 years in India?
(4) Which factor is responsible for increase in old age group?

Q.6 (B) (1) Draw neat, labelled diagrams : Triangular pattern of settlement.

Q.6 (B) (2) Draw neat, labelled diagrams : Classification of tertiary economic activity – communication.

Q.6 (B) (3) Draw neat, labelled diagrams : Provision of infrastructure and Stimulus to reduce regional imbalance.

Q.7 (1) Answer the following question in detail : Explain the human factors affecting the distribution of population with suitable example.

Q.7 (2) Answer the following question in detail : Explain in detail the classification of industries based on the source of raw material.