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Maharashtra HSC Geography Board Paper March 2025 with Answers

Written board papers. Physics and Chemistry: 70 marks, 3 hours. Mathematics & Statistics: 80 marks, 3 hours.

2025, March 180 minutes 80 marks Save WhatsApp

Sections

Q.1 (A) Complete the chain (5 marks) 5 questions
Q.1 (B) Choose the correct option and write (5 marks) 5 questions
Q.1 (C) Identify the correct co-relation: Assertion and Reasoning (5 marks) 5 questions
Q.1 (D) Identify the incorrect factor (5 marks) 5 questions
Q.2 Give geographical reasons, any four (12 marks) 6 questions
Q.3 Differentiate between, any three (9 marks) 5 questions
Q.4 (A) Mark and name on the world outline map, any six (6 marks) 8 questions
Q.4 (B) Read the graph and answer (5 marks) 1 questions
Q.5 Write short notes, any three (12 marks) 5 questions
Q.6 (A) Read the passage and answer (4 marks) 1 questions
Q.6 (B) Draw neat, labelled diagrams, any two (4 marks) 3 questions
Q.7 Answer in detail, any one (8 marks) 2 questions

About this paper

This is the Maharashtra State Board (MSBSHSE) HSC (Class 12) Geography (39) board paper of the February–March 2025 examination. The paper code printed on the question paper is J-420. The questions are transcribed from the board's own printed question paper published on its website; the world map exercise and the bar graph are described in words and tables. The answers are original answers written by Doubtly, not the board's official model answers.

Paper pattern

Maximum marks 80, time 3 hours, seven questions, all compulsory. Q.1 (20 marks) has four objective parts: (A) complete the chain, (B) choose the correct option, (C) assertion and reasoning and (D) identify the incorrect factor, 5 marks each. Q.2 asks for geographical reasons (any four of six, 12 marks). Q.3 asks for differences (any three of five, 9 marks). Q.4 has (A) marking on the outline map of the world (any six of eight, 6 marks) and (B) a bar graph on India's occupational structure (5 marks). Q.5 asks for short notes (any three of five, 12 marks). Q.6 has (A) a passage on animal husbandry (4 marks) and (B) labelled diagrams (any two of three, 4 marks). Q.7 is a long answer (any one of two, 8 marks). Colour pencils and map stencils are allowed, and the map supplement must be tied to the answer sheet.

How to use it

Attempt the paper in one 3-hour sitting, practise the map work on a world outline map, then compare your answers point by point with the model answers.

Chapters covered

Instructions

Solve on paper with a timer, then check against the solutions. Sections: A (MCQ and very short answers), B (short answers, attempt any 8 of 12), C (attempt any 8 of 12), D (long answers with choice).

Q.1 (A) Complete the chain (5 marks)

  1. Q.1 (A) (1) Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper: Amazon River basin

    No.'A''B''C'
    (1)Amazon River basin(1) Manufacturing Activities(1) Tata Iron and Steel Industries.
    (2)Constrictive Pyramid(2) Commercial cattle rearing(2) Low population density.
    (3)Industrial Region(3) Individual(3) Low birth rate and least death rate.
    (4)Pampas Grassland(4) Dense equatorial Forest(4) South America
    (5)Private(5) More old age Population(5) Availability of Employment
    1 mark See answer →

  2. Q.1 (A) (2) Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper: Constrictive Pyramid

    No.'A''B''C'
    (1)Amazon River basin(1) Manufacturing Activities(1) Tata Iron and Steel Industries.
    (2)Constrictive Pyramid(2) Commercial cattle rearing(2) Low population density.
    (3)Industrial Region(3) Individual(3) Low birth rate and least death rate.
    (4)Pampas Grassland(4) Dense equatorial Forest(4) South America
    (5)Private(5) More old age Population(5) Availability of Employment
    1 mark See answer →

  3. Q.1 (A) (3) Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper: Industrial Region

    No.'A''B''C'
    (1)Amazon River basin(1) Manufacturing Activities(1) Tata Iron and Steel Industries.
    (2)Constrictive Pyramid(2) Commercial cattle rearing(2) Low population density.
    (3)Industrial Region(3) Individual(3) Low birth rate and least death rate.
    (4)Pampas Grassland(4) Dense equatorial Forest(4) South America
    (5)Private(5) More old age Population(5) Availability of Employment
    1 mark See answer →

  4. Q.1 (A) (4) Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper: Pampas Grassland

    No.'A''B''C'
    (1)Amazon River basin(1) Manufacturing Activities(1) Tata Iron and Steel Industries.
    (2)Constrictive Pyramid(2) Commercial cattle rearing(2) Low population density.
    (3)Industrial Region(3) Individual(3) Low birth rate and least death rate.
    (4)Pampas Grassland(4) Dense equatorial Forest(4) South America
    (5)Private(5) More old age Population(5) Availability of Employment
    1 mark See answer →

  5. Q.1 (A) (5) Complete the chain and rewrite in your answer paper: Private

    No.'A''B''C'
    (1)Amazon River basin(1) Manufacturing Activities(1) Tata Iron and Steel Industries.
    (2)Constrictive Pyramid(2) Commercial cattle rearing(2) Low population density.
    (3)Industrial Region(3) Individual(3) Low birth rate and least death rate.
    (4)Pampas Grassland(4) Dense equatorial Forest(4) South America
    (5)Private(5) More old age Population(5) Availability of Employment
    1 mark See answer →

Q.1 (B) Choose the correct option and write (5 marks)

  1. Q.1 (B) (1) Do as directed. Choose the correct option and write. Appalachian mountain region of U.S.A has dense population because-

    1. (A) uneven physical condition
    2. (B) inaccessible mountainous region
    3. (C) development of iron-ore and coal mines
    4. (D) war-like condition
    1 mark See answer →

  2. Q.1 (B) (2) Ideal location for fishing.

    1. (A) rugged coast, shallow seas, hot climate, growth of plankton.
    2. (B) shallow seas, confluence of warm and cold ocean currents, growth of planktons, cold climate
    3. (C) continental shelf, growth of planktons, good fishing skills, cold climate
    4. (D) continental shelf, rugged coasts, growth of planktons, cold climate.
    1 mark See answer →

  3. Q.1 (B) (3) In USA, industrial areas are found in North-Eastern region.

    1. (A) dense population
    2. (B) availability of capital
    3. (C) availability of rich deposits of coal and iron-ore
    4. (D) centralization of transport route.
    1 mark See answer →

  4. Q.1 (B) (4) Choose one subregion in northern plain region of India.

    1. (A) The nile plain
    2. (B) The ganga-yamuna plain
    3. (C) The Mississippi Basin
    4. (D) The Amazon Basin
    1 mark See answer →

  5. Q.1 (B) (5) Major physical factor which affects regional development.

    1. (A) Natural resources
    2. (B) Sex-ratio
    3. (C) School register ratio
    4. (D) Employment
    1 mark See answer →

Q.1 (C) Identify the correct co-relation: Assertion and Reasoning (5 marks)

  1. Q.1 (C) (1) Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write (A: Assertion, R: Reasoning):

    A: Hardwood trees are found in equatorial evergreen Forest.
    R: Lumbering is not developed on a commercial level in equatorial regions.

    1. (A) Only A is correct
    2. (B) Only R is correct
    3. (C) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
    4. (D) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
    1 mark See answer →

  2. Q.1 (C) (2) Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write (A: Assertion, R: Reasoning):

    A: In India, industrial areas are found concentrated in few regions.
    R: India is agricultural country.

    1. (A) Only A is correct
    2. (B) Only R is correct
    3. (C) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
    4. (D) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
    1 mark See answer →

  3. Q.1 (C) (3) Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write (A: Assertion, R: Reasoning):

    A: In tertiary occupation, there is no derivation from the nature.
    R: It provides only services so it is known as service sector

    1. (A) Only A is correct
    2. (B) Only R is correct
    3. (C) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
    4. (D) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
    1 mark See answer →

  4. Q.1 (C) (4) Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write (A: Assertion, R: Reasoning):

    A: Each formal regions have distinct boundaries which make them easy to identify.
    R: Region is bounded by economic activities.

    1. (A) Only A is correct
    2. (B) Only R is correct
    3. (C) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
    4. (D) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
    1 mark See answer →

  5. Q.1 (C) (5) Identify the correct co-relation in the given statements and write (A: Assertion, R: Reasoning):

    A: Physical or human factors are not static but highly dynamic. They change over time.
    R: The earth is dynamic. We find there are variations in its physical and cultural environments.

    1. (A) Only A is correct
    2. (B) Only R is correct
    3. (C) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
    4. (D) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
    1 mark See answer →

Q.1 (D) Identify the incorrect factor (5 marks)

  1. Q.1 (D) (1) Identify the incorrect factor and write it: Densely populated region due to mineral deposits –

    1. (A) Gold mine region of Australian desert.
    2. (B) Mineral oil region of South West Asia.
    3. (C) Mineral producing Chhota Nagpur region of India.
    4. (D) Prairie grassland region in North America.
    1 mark See answer →

  2. Q.1 (D) (2) Identify the incorrect factor and write it: Primary occupations depending upon natural resources –

    1. (A) Agriculture
    2. (B) Hunting
    3. (C) Motor industry
    4. (D) Lumbering
    1 mark See answer →

  3. Q.1 (D) (3) Identify the incorrect factor and write it: Footloose industries:

    1. (A) Cement industries
    2. (B) Clock making industries
    3. (C) Diamond cutting industries
    4. (D) Hairpin making industries
    1 mark See answer →

  4. Q.1 (D) (4) Identify the incorrect factor and write it: Permanent Human Settlements are not found in Antarctica.

    1. (A) Very cool climate
    2. (B) Fertile soil
    3. (C) Frozen land
    4. (D) Long winter
    1 mark See answer →

  5. Q.1 (D) (5) Identify the incorrect factor and write it: Factors studied in physical geography

    1. (A) Atmospheric factors
    2. (B) Relief
    3. (C) Lakes
    4. (D) Transport
    1 mark See answer →

Q.2 Give geographical reasons, any four (12 marks)

  1. Q.2 (1) Give geographical reasons (any four): Literacy rate is the indicator of economic and social development of the country.

    3 marks See answer →

  2. Q.2 (2) Agriculture is practised on a large scale in India.

    3 marks See answer →

  3. Q.2 (3) Distribution of industries is uneven.

    3 marks See answer →

  4. Q.2 (4) Industrial development is not found in Central Australia.

    3 marks See answer →

  5. Q.2 (5) Factors like illiteracy, poverty affects the regional development.

    3 marks See answer →

  6. Q.2 (6) Nature of Geography is dualistic.

    3 marks See answer →

Q.3 Differentiate between, any three (9 marks)

  1. Q.3 (1) Differentiate between (any three): Land use and Land cover

    3 marks See answer →

  2. Q.3 (2) Public sector industry and Private industry.

    3 marks See answer →

  3. Q.3 (3) Physical region and Political region

    3 marks See answer →

  4. Q.3 (4) Regional development and Regional imbalance

    3 marks See answer →

  5. Q.3 (5) Possibilism and Determinism.

    3 marks See answer →

Q.4 (A) Mark and name on the world outline map, any six (6 marks)

  1. Q.4 (A) (1) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (any six): Thinly populated region of South America.

    1 mark See answer →

  2. Q.4 (A) (2) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (any six): Show an African Country in second phase of demographic transition.

    1 mark See answer →

  3. Q.4 (A) (3) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (any six): Major administrative city in Maharashtra.

    1 mark See answer →

  4. Q.4 (A) (4) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (any six): Area of animal husbandry in Australia.

    1 mark See answer →

  5. Q.4 (A) (5) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (any six): Leading country of Asia in Fishing.

    1 mark See answer →

  6. Q.4 (A) (6) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (any six): Cape of Good Hope waterways

    1 mark See answer →

  7. Q.4 (A) (7) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (any six): Nile River basin

    1 mark See answer →

  8. Q.4 (A) (8) Mark and name the following on the outline map of the world with suitable index (any six): Siberian plateau

    1 mark See answer →

Q.4 (B) Read the graph and answer (5 marks)

  1. Q.4 (B) Read the following map/graphs and answer the questions given below:

    [Graph: compound (double) bar graph titled 'INDIA : Occupational Structure (Primary Service Sector)'. Scale: 1 cm = 10%. X-axis: Years; Y-axis: Percentage (0 to 60). Index: hatched bars = Cultivator, dotted bars = Agricultural Labours. Values shown on the bars:]

    YearCultivator (%)Agricultural Labours (%)
    19515020
    19615317
    19714326
    19814225
    19912818

    Questions:
    (1) What is shown in the above graph?
    (2) Which decade has maximum percentages of cultivators?
    (3) Which decade has minimum percentages of agricultural labourers?
    (4) In present graph, which factor have maximum percentages in every decade?
    (5) In 1971 what is the percentage of cultivators and agricultural labour?

    5 marks See answer →

Q.5 Write short notes, any three (12 marks)

  1. Q.5 (1) Write short notes on the following (any three): Correlation between birth rate and death rate

    4 marks See answer →

  2. Q.5 (2) Mixed land use

    4 marks See answer →

  3. Q.5 (3) Hunting and loss of ecosystem

    4 marks See answer →

  4. Q.5 (4) Role of transportation in industries.

    4 marks See answer →

  5. Q.5 (5) Importance of satellites as means of communication.

    4 marks See answer →

Q.6 (A) Read the passage and answer (4 marks)

  1. Q.6 (A) Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:

    Considering the latitudinal distribution of animal husbandry in the world, it is located between 30°N to 60°N and 30°S to 55°S latitudes.

    Climate is one of the most influencing factors in the development of animal husbandry. It is more developed in the Northern Hemisphere. Presence of grasslands in Australia and North and South America has led to distribution of this occupation. But, this occupation is influenced by advanced technology market and availability of large estates.

    It has developed on a commercial basis in North America, South America and Australia. The animal husbandry in North and South America is carried out with the help of advanced technology on a commercial scale.

    Dense forests, inhospitable climate, low quality fodder in equatorial region has discouraged the development of animal husbandry in these regions.

    Questions:
    (1) In which latitude, world distribution of animal husbandry is found?
    (2) Which hemisphere has maximum development of animal husbandry?
    (3) Which factor affects animal husbandry in Australia and South and North America continents?
    (4) Which continents have maximum mechanization of animal husbandry in the world?

    4 marks See answer →

Q.6 (B) Draw neat, labelled diagrams, any two (4 marks)

  1. Q.6 (B) (1) Draw neat, labelled diagrams (any two): Stationary Pyramid

    2 marks See answer →

  2. Q.6 (B) (2) Draw neat, labelled diagrams (any two): Circular Settlement

    2 marks See answer →

  3. Q.6 (B) (3) Draw neat, labelled diagrams (any two): Relationship of Geography with other subjects

    2 marks See answer →

Q.7 Answer in detail, any one (8 marks)

  1. Q.7 (1) Answer the following questions in detail (any one): Explain the human factors affecting distribution of population.

    8 marks See answer →

  2. Q.7 (2) Explain the factors affecting trade.

    8 marks See answer →