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Chapter: Effects of Electric Current· Science & Technology Part 1

Name the following diagrams and explain the concept behind them (two hand diagrams showing the directions of thumb, index finger and middle finger).

Name the following diagrams and explain the concept behind them.

[Figure: Two hand diagrams. (a) A hand with the wrist on the right: the thumb points upward, the index finger points to the left and the middle finger is bent so that it points downward, each with an arrow along it, all three mutually perpendicular. (b) The mirror image: a hand with the wrist on the left, the thumb points upward, the index finger points to the right and the middle finger points downward, each with an arrow along it.]

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(a) Fleming's right hand rule (it is the right hand, seen from the palm side)

  • Stretch the thumb, index finger and middle finger of the right hand so that they are perpendicular to each other.
  • Thumb shows the direction of motion of the conductor, index finger shows the direction of the magnetic field, and middle finger shows the direction of the induced current.
  • Concept: electromagnetic induction. When a conductor moves in a magnetic field (or the magnetic lines of force through a coil change), a current is induced in it. The induced current is maximum when the motion is perpendicular to the field.
  • This rule is used to find the direction of current in an electric generator (dynamo).

(b) Fleming's left hand rule (it is the left hand)

  • Stretch the thumb, index finger and middle finger of the left hand so that they are perpendicular to each other.
  • Index finger shows the direction of the magnetic field, middle finger shows the direction of the current, and then the thumb shows the direction of the force (motion) on the conductor.
  • Concept: a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a force. The force is perpendicular to both the current and the field, and it is maximum when the current is perpendicular to the field.
  • This rule is used to find the direction of rotation of an electric motor.

In short: right hand rule → generator (motion gives current); left hand rule → motor (current gives motion).

Doubtly AI · 4 Nov 2026 AI-verified · Nov 2026 Report
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