chapter 1 Heredity and Evolution
- What is the transcription and translation process? Transcription: The genetic information stored in DNA is transcribed into RNA in a process known as transcription. RNA polymerase, an enzyme,... 1
- Short note on central dogma? The central dogma is a fundamental principle in molecular biology that describes the flow of genetic information within a cell. It explains... 1
- What are the advantages and limitations of solar energy? Solar energy is free, renewable and pollution-free, but it is available only in daytime, depends on the weather and needs costly equipment a... 1
- How can we get the required amount of energy by connecting solar panels? By connecting solar panels in series (to increase voltage) and in parallel (to increase current), we can make a solar array that gives the r... 1
- Write evolutionary history of modern man. The evolutionary history of modern man: Approximately 7 crore years ago, the dinosaurs disappeared completely. At that time, monkey-like ani... 1
- Define fossil. Explain importance of fossils as proof of evolution Fossils offer palaeontological evidence for the evolutionary process. Due to some natural calamities the organisms get buried during ancient... 1
- Explain with suitable examples importance of anatomical evidences in evolution Anatomical evidences show that organisms which look different and do different work have the same basic internal structure, which means they... 1
- Explain the theory of evolution and mention the proof supporting it The theory of evolution says that present-day organisms have developed gradually from simpler ancestors over a very long time, and the main... 1
- Explain the process of formation of complex proteins. Complex proteins are formed by protein synthesis, which takes place in three steps: transcription, translation and translocation, followed b... 1
- How are the hereditary changes responsible for evolution? Answer: Hereditary changes (variations in genes) are passed from parents to offspring. Over many generations, useful variations accumulate i... 1
- Define vestigial organs. Write names of some vestigial organs in human body and write the names of those animals in whom same organs are functional. Vestigial organs are organs that are reduced and non-functional (useless) in an organism, but are fully developed and functional in some oth... 1
- Define heredity. Explain the mechanism of hereditary changes. Heredity is the transfer of characters (traits) from parents to offspring, generation after generation. Hereditary changes arise when the ge... 1
- short note on Connecting link Some plants and animals show some morphological character by which they can be related to two different groups they can be called connecting... 1
- short note on Evolution Evolution is the gradual change in living organisms over a very long period of time, by which new species are formed from earlier ones. Life... 1
- short note Embryology. Comparative study of embryonic developmental stages of various vertebrates show extreme similarities during initial stages and those similar... 1
- short note Darwin’s theory of natural selection. Darwin's theory of natural selection states that organisms with favourable variations survive and reproduce more, and over generations this... 1
- Short note on Lamarckism 1=Jean-baptiste lamarck proposed that morphological changes occurring in theorganisms are responsible for evolution 2=The reasons behind tho... 2
- Complete the statements by choosing correct options from bracket. (Gene, Mutation, Translocation, Transcription, Gradual development, Appendix) a. Mutation; b. Gene; c. Transcription; d. Gradual development; e. Appendix a. The cause of sudden changes was understood due to the mutatio... 1
- Read the following statements and justify the same in your own words with the help of suitable examples. a. Human evolutio All four statements describe evolution: a. humans evolved gradually over crores of years; b. isolation leads to new species; c. fossils are... 1
- Complete the following diagram. Morphological Similarities in bones structure Evidences of Evolution Evidences of evolution: morphological evidences, anatomical evidences (similarities in bone structure), vestigial organs, palaeontological e... 1