Botany
- Which of the following microbes is NOT involved in the preparation of household products?A. Aspergillus nigerB. LactobacillusC. Trichoderma polysporumD. Saccharomyces cerevisiaeE. Propionibacterium sharmaniiChoose the correct answer from the options… Answer: 2. A and C only Key idea: Separate household products from industrial products. Aspergillus niger is used for industrial production... 1
- What is the main function of the spindle fibers during mitosis ? Answer: 1. To separate the chromosomes Key idea: Spindle fibres are microtubules that attach to the kinetochores. During anaphase they pull... 1
- Which one of the following is the characteristic feature of gymnosperms? Answer: 2. Seeds are naked. Key idea: Gymnos means naked. In gymnosperms the ovules are not enclosed in an ovary, so the seeds are naked. Fr... 1
- Match List I with List II.List I: A. Pteridophyte B. Bryophyte C. Angiosperm D. GymnospermList II: I. Salvia II. Ginkgo III. Polytrichum IV. SalviniaChoose the option with all correct matches. Answer: 2. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II Key idea: Identify each plant group. Pteridophyte: Salvinia (A-IV). Bryophyte: Polytrichum, a moss (B-III)... 1
- In bryophytes, the gemmae help in which one of the following? Answer: 2. Asexual reproduction Key idea: Gemmae are green multicellular buds in cups on the thallus of liverworts such as Marchantia. They... 1
- Match List I with List II :List I: A. The Evil Quartet B. Ex situ conservation C. Lantana camara D. DodoList II: I. Cryopreservation II. Alien species invasion III. Causes of biodiversity losses IV. ExtinctionChoose the correct matches. Answer: 2. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV Key idea: Biodiversity conservation terms. The Evil Quartet: the causes of biodiversity losses (A-III). Ex... 1
- Given below are two statements :Statement I : In ecosystem, there is unidirectional flow of energy of sun from producers to consumers.Statement II : Ecosystems are exempted from 2nd law of thermodynamics.In the light of the above statements, choose t… Answer: 3. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect Key idea: Energy flow in an ecosystem is unidirectional, and it obeys thermo... 1
- Which one of the following equations represents the Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Growth of population? Answer: 2. dN/dt = rN((K - N)/K) Key idea: The Verhulst-Pearl logistic equation includes the carrying capacity K. dN/dt=rN(K-N/K) When N is... 1
- Twins are born to a family that lives next door to you. The twins are a boy and a girl. Which of the following must be true? Answer: 2. They are fraternal twins. Key idea: Monozygotic twins come from one zygote and have the same sex. A boy and a girl have different... 1
- Who proposed that the genetic code for amino acids should be made up of three nucleotides? Answer: 1. George Gamow Key idea: The triplet nature of the genetic code was first theorised by the physicist George Gamow. Since 20 amino a... 1
- Which factor is important for termination of transcription? Answer: 3. ρ (rho) Key idea: In bacteria, the sigma factor starts transcription and the rho (ρ) factor terminates it. Alpha is a subunit of... 1
- Which of the following statements about RuBisCO is true? Answer: 4. It catalyzes the carboxylation of RuBP. Key idea: RuBisCO is the carboxylating enzyme of the Calvin cycle. It catalyses carboxyla... 1
- Read the following statements on plant growth and development.A. Parthenocarpy can be induced by auxins.B. Plant growth regulators can be involved in promotion as well as inhibition of growth.C. Dedifferentiation is a pre-requisite for re-differentia… Answer: 1. A, B, C only Key idea: Check each statement. A true: auxins can induce parthenocarpy. B true: PGRs may promote or inhibit growth.... 1
- Match List I with List II.List I: A. Adenosine B. Adenylic acid C. Adenine D. AlanineList II: I. Nitrogen base II. Nucleotide III. Nucleoside IV. Amino acidChoose the option with all correct matches. Answer: 3. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV Key idea: Know the building blocks of nucleic acids: base, nucleoside, nucleotide. Adenosine = adenine + s... 1
- Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A) : The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to package the materials made by the endoplasmic reticulum and deliver it to intr… Answer: 1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A Key idea: The Golgi apparatus is the packaging and dispatch centre of... 1
- The protein portion of an enzyme is called : Answer: 3. Apoenzyme Key idea: A conjugated enzyme has a protein part and a non-protein part. The protein part is the apoenzyme. The non-pro... 1
- Each of the following characteristics represent a Kingdom proposed by Whittaker. Arrange the following in increasing order of complexity of body organization.A. Multicellular heterotrophs with cell wall made of chitin.B. Heterotrophs with tissue/orga… Answer: 2. C, E, A, D, B Key idea: Order by increasing body complexity across Whittaker's kingdoms. C: Monera, prokaryotes E: Protista, euka... 1
- Who is known as the father of Ecology in India? Answer: 2. Ramdeo Misra Key idea: Ramdeo Misra is known as the father of Ecology in India. S. R. Kashyap and Ram Udar are known for work on... 1
- Given below are two statements :Statement I : Fig fruit is a non-vegetarian fruit as it has enclosed fig wasps in it.Statement II : Fig wasp and fig tree exhibit mutual relationship as fig wasp completes its life cycle in fig fruit and fig fruit gets… Answer: 2. Both statement I and statement II are incorrect Key idea: Both statements fail when read strictly. Statement I is incorrect. A fi... 1
- Which of the following is the unit of productivity of an Ecosystem? Answer: 4. (KCal m⁻²)yr⁻¹ Key idea: Productivity is the rate of biomass or energy production per unit area per unit time. So it needs an are... 1
- Match List I with List II :List-I: A. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase; B. Euchromatin; C. Frederick Griffith; D. HeterochromatinList-II: I. Streptococcus pneumoniae; II. Densely packed and dark-stained; III. Loosely packed and light-stained; IV. DNA… Answer: 3. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II Hershey and Chase: confirmed DNA as genetic material (IV) Euchromatin: loosely packed, light-stained (III)... 1
- Histones are enriched with - Answer: 1. Lysine & Arginine Key idea: Histones are basic proteins that bind the acidic, negatively charged DNA. They are rich in the positi... 1
- Genes R and Y follow independent assortment. If RRYY produce round yellow seeds and rryy produce wrinkled green seeds, what will be the phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation? Answer: 3. Phenotypic ratio - 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 Key idea: This is a standard dihybrid cross. RRYY x rryy gives F1 RrYy (all round yellow). Selfi... 1
- With the help of given pedigree, find out the probability for the birth of a child having no disease and being a carrier (has the disease mutation in one allele of the gene) in F3 generation. Answer: 1. 1/4 Key idea: The legend shows carriers only among females, so the trait is X-linked recessive. The F2 mother is a carrier: X^AX^... 1