Properties of Solids and Liquids
Topics
- Elastic behaviour, stress-strain, Hooke's law, Young's, bulk and rigidity moduli
- Fluid pressure, Pascal's law and applications
- Viscosity, Stokes' law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, critical velocity
- Bernoulli's principle and applications
- Surface energy, surface tension, angle of contact, excess pressure, drops, bubbles, capillary rise
- Heat, temperature and thermal expansion
- Specific heat capacity, calorimetry, change of state, latent heat
- Heat transfer: conduction, convection, radiation
Chapter tests
See all →Top questions
See all →- Three identical heat conducting rods are connected in series as shown in the figure. The rods on the sides have thermal conductivity 2K while that in the middle has thermal conductivity K. The left end of the combination is maintained at temperature… Answer: 3. 5/3 Key idea: in steady state the same heat current flows through all three rods, so kA Δ T/l is equal for each. With equal A and... 1
- A balloon is made of a material of surface tension S and its inflation outlet (from where gas is filled in it) has small area A. It is filled with a gas of density ρ and takes a spherical shape of radius R. When the gas is allowed to flow freely out… Answer: 3. a=-1/2,α=-1/2,β=-1,γ=1/2,δ=7/2 Key idea: the excess pressure inside the balloon is proportional to S/r (it is 4S/r in the standar... 1
- Consider a water tank shown in the figure. It has one wall at x = L and can be taken to be very wide in the z direction. When filled with a liquid of surface tension S and density ρ, the liquid surface makes angle θ_0(θ_0 1) with the x-axis at x = L.… Answer: 2. d²y/dx²=ρ g/Sy Key idea: the surface tension pulls the curved surface so that, for each small piece, the net vertical force balan... 1
- A metallic bar of Young's modulus, 0.5×10^11 N m^-2 and coefficient of linear thermal expansion 10^-5 ^°C^-1, length 1 m and area of cross-section 10^-3 m^2 is heated from 0^°C to 100^°C without expansion or bending. The compressive force developed i… Answer: 3. 50×10³ N Key idea: If the bar is not allowed to expand, the thermal strain αΔ T is cancelled by a compressive strain, so a stress... 1
- The maximum elongation of a steel wire of 1 m length if the elastic limit of steel and its Young's modulus, respectively, are 8×10^8 N m^-2 and 2×10^11 N m^-2, is : Answer: 2. 4 mm Key idea: The largest stress the wire can bear without permanent change is the elastic limit. Use Y=stress/strain . Strain =... 1
- A thin flat circular disc of radius 4.5 cm is placed gently over the surface of water. If surface tension of water is 0.07 Nm^-1, then the excess force required to take it away from the surface is : Answer: 2. 19.8 mN Key idea: The surface-tension force acts along the line of contact between the disc and the water, which is the circumfer... 1