Human Physiology

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Match the Column - I with Column - II :Column - I | Column - II(a) P - wave | (i) Depolarisation of ventricles(b) QRS complex | (ii) Repolarisation of ventricles(c) T - wave | (iii) Coronary ischemia(d) Reduction in the size of T - wave | (iv) Depola… Answer: 1. (a) (iv) (b) (i) (c) (ii) (d) (iii) Link each ECG part to the cardiac event. P-wave: depolarisation of the atria, so (iv). QRS co... Circulation: heart, cardiac cycle, ECG, double circulation, regulation, disorders 1 answer
How does steroid hormone influence the cellular activities ? Answer: 2. Binding to DNA and forming a gene-hormone complex. Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble, so they enter the cell and bind to intrace... Endocrine glands and hormones, mechanism of action 1 answer
Which of the following muscular disorders is inherited ? Answer: 2. Muscular dystrophy Muscular dystrophy is a genetic (X-linked) disorder causing progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle. Tetan... Locomotion: movement types, muscle contraction 1 answer
Which part of the brain is responsible for thermoregulation ? Answer: 2. Hypothalamus The hypothalamus contains the thermoregulatory centre. It also controls hunger, thirst and hormone release. The cere... Neural control: neuron, nervous system, nerve impulse 1 answer
Which of the following gastric cells indirectly help in erythropoiesis ? Answer: 4. Parietal cells Key idea: Parietal (oxyntic) cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor is needed to absorb vitamin... Body fluids: blood, blood groups, coagulation, lymph 1 answer
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :Column I | Column IIa. Fibrinogen | i. Osmotic balanceb. Globulin | ii. Blood clottingc. Albumin | iii. Defence mechanism Answer: 4. a-ii b-iii c-i Key idea: Plasma proteins have different roles. Fibrinogen: blood clotting (ii). Globulins: defence, as antibodies... Body fluids: blood, blood groups, coagulation, lymph 1 answer
Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively ? Answer: 1. Inflammation of bronchioles; Decreased respiratory surface Key idea: Asthma affects the airways. Emphysema damages the alveoli. A... Breathing and respiration: mechanism, exchange and transport of gases, volumes, disorders 1 answer
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :Column I | Column IIa. Tidal volume | i. 2500 – 3000 mLb. Inspiratory Reserve volume | ii. 1100 – 1200 mLc. Expiratory Reserve volume | iii. 500 – 55… Answer: 3. a-iii b-i c-iv d-ii Key idea: Recall the normal lung volumes of an adult. Tidal volume: about 500 mL (iii). Inspiratory reserve v... Breathing and respiration: mechanism, exchange and transport of gases, volumes, disorders 1 answer
Which of the following terms describe human dentition ? Answer: 3. Thecodont, Diphyodont, Heterodont Key idea: Human teeth are of three kinds of arrangement. Thecodont: teeth are set in sockets of... Breathing and respiration: mechanism, exchange and transport of gases, volumes, disorders 1 answer
Which of the following is an occupational respiratory disorder ? Answer: 3. Silicosis Key idea: Occupational respiratory disorders come from dust at work. Silicosis is caused by silica dust in grinding and... Breathing and respiration: mechanism, exchange and transport of gases, volumes, disorders 1 answer
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :Column I | Column IIa. Tricuspid valve | i. Between left atrium and left ventricleb. Bicuspid valve | ii. Between right ventricle and pulmonary arter… Answer: 1. a-iii b-i c-ii Key idea: Valves keep blood flowing in one direction. Tricuspid valve: between right atrium and right ventricle (i... Circulation: heart, cardiac cycle, ECG, double circulation, regulation, disorders 1 answer
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :Column I (Function) | Column II (Part of Excretory System)a. Ultrafiltration | i. Henle's loopb. Concentration of urine | ii. Ureterc. Transport of u… Answer: 3. a-iv b-i c-ii d-iii Ultrafiltration occurs in the Malpighian corpuscle (iv). Urine is concentrated in Henle's loop (i) by the cou... Excretion: modes, nephron, urine formation, osmoregulation 1 answer
Calcium is important in skeletal muscle contraction because it Answer: 1. binds to troponin to remove the masking of active sites on actin for myosin. Key idea: Ca²⁺ triggers muscle contraction. Calcium... Locomotion: movement types, muscle contraction 1 answer
Nissl bodies are mainly composed of Answer: 4. Free ribosomes and RER Key idea: Nissl bodies are granular masses in the cell body and dendrites of neurons. They are made of fre... Neural control: neuron, nervous system, nerve impulse 1 answer
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :Column I | Column IIa. Glycosuria | i. Accumulation of uric acid in jointsb. Gout | ii. Mass of crystallised salts within the kidneyc. Renal calculi… Answer: 4. a-iv b-i c-ii d-iii Key idea: Match each disorder with its description. Glycosuria: glucose in urine (iv). Gout: uric acid crysta... Regulation of kidney function, disorders, dialysis 1 answer
Which of the following is an amino acid derived hormone ? Answer: 1. Epinephrine Key idea: Hormones made from amino acids (amines, peptides, proteins) differ from steroid hormones made from choleste... Endocrine glands and hormones, mechanism of action 1 answer
Which of the following hormones can play a significant role in osteoporosis ? Answer: 2. Estrogen and Parathyroid hormone Key idea: Osteoporosis is loss of bone mass, linked to low estrogen and to calcium regulation. E... Endocrine glands and hormones, mechanism of action 1 answer
The transparent lens in the human eye is held in its place by Answer: 1. ligaments attached to the ciliary body Key idea: The lens is suspended by the suspensory ligaments (zonular fibres). These ligame... Neural control: neuron, nervous system, nerve impulse 1 answer
Which of the following structures or regions is incorrectly paired with its function ? Answer: 3. Limbic system : consists of fibre tracts that interconnect different regions of brain; controls movement. Key idea: Find the pair... Neural control: neuron, nervous system, nerve impulse 1 answer
Lungs are made up of air-filled sacs, the alveoli. They do not collapse even after forceful expiration, because of : Answer: 4. Residual Volume After a forceful expiration some air still stays in the lungs. This is the residual volume, about 1100 mL to 1200... Breathing and respiration: mechanism, exchange and transport of gases, volumes, disorders 1 answer
Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone in adults does not cause further increase in height, because : Answer: 1. Epiphyseal plates close after adolescence. Height increases through growth at the epiphyseal plates of long bones. After adolesce... Hormonal disorders 1 answer
Good vision depends on adequate intake of carotene-rich food.Select the best option from the following statements.(a) Vitamin A derivatives are formed from carotene.(b) The photopigments are embedded in the membrane discs of the inner segment.(c) Ret… Answer: 1. (a), (c) and (d) Go statement by statement. (a) True: vitamin A derivatives form from carotene. (b) False: photopigments lie in t... Neural control: neuron, nervous system, nerve impulse 1 answer
A temporary endocrine gland in the human body is : Answer: 2. Corpus luteum The corpus luteum forms from the ruptured Graafian follicle after ovulation, secretes progesterone, and degenerates... Endocrine glands and hormones, mechanism of action 1 answer
Myelin sheath is produced by : Answer: 4. Schwann Cells and Oligodendrocytes The myelin sheath is formed by glial cells that wrap around axons. In the peripheral nervous s... Neural control: neuron, nervous system, nerve impulse 1 answer

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