Human Physiology
- The parts of human brain that helps in regulation of sexual behaviour, expression of excitement, pleasure, rage, fear etc. are : Answer: 2. Limbic system & hypothalamus Key idea: The limbic system together with the hypothalamus controls emotions and behaviour. It regul... 1
- Which of the following statements are correct?A. An excessive loss of body fluid from the body switches off osmoreceptors.B. ADH facilitates water reabsorption to prevent diuresis.C. ANF causes vasodilation.D. ADH causes increase in blood pressure.E.… Answer: 3. B, C and D only Key idea: Know the effects of ADH and ANF. A is wrong: excessive loss of fluid activates the osmoreceptors, which... 1
- Match List I with List II.List I: A. CCK; B. GIP; C. ANF; D. ADHList II: I. Kidney; II. Heart; III. Gastric gland; IV. PancreasChoose the correct answer from the options given below: Answer: 2. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I Key idea: Match each hormone with its source. CCK: secreted by the gastrointestinal tract and acts on the... 1
- Match List I with List II with respect to human eye.List I: A. Fovea; B. Iris; C. Blind spot; D. ScleraList II: I. Visible coloured portion of eye that regulates diameter of pupil.; II. External layer of eye formed of dense connective tissue.; III. P… Answer: 2. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II Key idea: Match each eye part with its function. Fovea: point of greatest visual acuity (III). Iris: visib... 1
- Match List I with List II.List I (Type of Joint): A. Cartilaginous Joint; B. Ball and Socket Joint; C. Fibrous Joint; D. Saddle JointList II (Found between): I. Between flat skull bones; II. Between adjacent vertebrae in vertebral column; III. Betwee… Answer: 3. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III Key idea: Match each joint with its location. Cartilaginous joint: between adjacent vertebrae (II). Ball a... 1
- Which one of the following statements is correct ? Answer: 4. Blood moves freely from atrium to the ventricle during joint diastole. Key idea: During joint diastole, both atria and ventricles... 1
- Which of the following are not the effects of Parathyroid hormone ?(a) Stimulates the process of bone resorption(b) Decreases Ca^2+ level in blood(c) Reabsorption of Ca^2+ by renal tubules(d) Decreases the absorption of Ca^2+ from digested food(e) In… Answer: 3. (b), (d) and (e) only Key idea: PTH raises blood mathrmCa²⁺ . (a) Stimulates bone resorption: true effect. (b) Decreases blood ma... 1
- Select the incorrect statement regarding synapses : Answer: 1. Impulse transmission across a chemical synapse is always faster than that across an electrical synapse. Key idea: Electrical syna... 1
- Given below are two statements :Statement I :Fatty acids and glycerols cannot be absorbed into the blood.Statement II :Specialized lymphatic capillaries called lacteals carry chylomicrons into lymphatic vessels and ultimately into the blood.In the li… Answer: 2. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct Key idea: Fatty acids and glycerol are insoluble, so they go into lacteals inside c... 1
- Which of the following is not the function of conducting part of respiratory system ? Answer: 1. Provides surface for diffusion of O₂ and CO₂ Key idea: The conducting part (nose to terminal bronchioles) carries air, but gas ex... 1
- Under normal physiological conditions in human being every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver ______ ml of O_2 to the tissues. Answer: 3. 5 ml Key idea: Oxygenated blood has about 20 ml O₂ per 100 ml and deoxygenated blood about 15 ml per 100 ml. Delivered to tissues... 1
- Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).Assertion (A) :Osteoporosis is characterised by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures.Reason (R) :Common cause of osteoporosis… Answer: 4. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct Key idea: Osteoporosis is linked to a fall in estrogen, not a rise. (A) is correct: osteopo... 1
- Which of the following is a correct match for disease and its symptoms ? Answer: 2. Arthritis - Inflammed joints Key idea: Check each disease against its true description. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder,... 1
- Given below are two statements :Statement I :The coagulum is formed of network of threads called thrombins.Statement II :Spleen is the graveyard of erythrocytes.In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options… Answer: 1. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct Key idea: The clot is made of fibrin, not thrombin. Statement I: the coagulu... 1
- Nitrogenous waste is excreted in the form of pellet or paste by : Answer: 1. Pavo Key idea: Birds are uricotelic. Their uric acid leaves as a semi-solid pellet or paste, which saves water. Pavo (peacock) is... 1
- Which of the following is present between the adjacent bones of the vertebral column ? Answer: 3. Cartilage Key idea: Adjacent vertebrae are separated by intervertebral discs made of fibrocartilage. These cartilaginous discs ac... 1
- Assertion (A) :A person goes to high altitude and experiences ‘altitude sickness’ with symptoms like breathing difficulty and heart palpitations.Reason (R) :Due to low atmospheric pressure at high altitude, the body does not get sufficient oxygen.In… Answer: 1. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) Altitude sickness gives breathlessness and palpitations at hi... 1
- During muscular contraction which of the following events occur ?(a) ‘H’ zone disappears(b) ‘A’ band widens(c) ‘I’ band reduces in width(d) Myosine hydrolyzes ATP, releasing the ADP and Pi(e) Z-lines attached to actins are pulled inwardsChoose the co… Answer: 1. (a), (c), (d), (e) only During contraction, thin filaments slide over thick ones. (a) H zone disappears - true. (b) A band widens... 1
- Match List - I with List - II.List - I / List - II(a) Scapula (i) Cartilaginous joints(b) Cranium (ii) Flat bone(c) Sternum (iii) Fibrous joints(d) Vertebral column (iv) Triangular flat boneChoose the correct answer from the options given below. Answer: 4. (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i) Scapula - triangular flat bone (iv) Cranium - fibrous joints (sutures) (iii) Sternum - fla... 1
- Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of inactive fibrinogens to fibrins ? Answer: 1. Thrombin Fibrinogen is converted to insoluble fibrin by the enzyme thrombin, which itself is formed from prothrombin by thromboki... 1
- Succus entericus is referred to as : Answer: 2. Intestinal juice Succus entericus is the intestinal juice secreted by the glands of the small intestine (Brunner's glands and cry... 1
- Erythropoietin hormone which stimulates R.B.C. formation is produced by : Answer: 4. Juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney Erythropoietin is secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney in response to low oxyg... 1
- Select the favourable conditions required for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin at the alveoli. Answer: 1. High pO ₂ , low pCO ₂ , less H ^+ , lower temperature Oxygen binds haemoglobin best where pO ₂ is high and pCO ₂ is low. At the a... 1
- The partial pressures (in mm Hg) of oxygen (O_2) and carbon dioxide (CO_2) at alveoli (the site of diffusion) are : Answer: 1. pO ₂ = 104 and pCO ₂ = 40 Standard values in the alveoli are pO ₂ = 104 mm Hg and pCO ₂ = 40 mm Hg. pO ₂ 40 and pCO ₂ 45 are deox... 1