Botany

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Given below are two statements:Statement I : In C_3 plants, some O_2 binds to RuBisCO, hence CO_2 fixation is decreased.Statement II : In C_4 plants, mesophyll cells show very little photorespiration while bundle sheath cells do not show photorespira… Answer: 4. Statement I is true but Statement II is false Key idea: O₂ competes with CO₂ for RuBisCO in C₃ plants, but C₄ plants avoid photor... C3 and C4 pathways, photorespiration 1 answer
Which of the following are fused in somatic hybridization involving two varieties of plants? Answer: 4. Protoplasts Key idea: in somatic hybridization, protoplasts of two varieties or species are fused. Cell walls are removed with en... Differentiation, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, development 1 answer
Spraying sugarcane crop with which of the following plant growth regulators, increases the length of stem, thus, increasing the yield? Answer: 3. Gibberellin Key idea: gibberellins cause stem elongation. Spraying sugarcane with gibberellin increases internode length, so more... Plant growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA 1 answer
Match List I with List IIList I: A. Citric acid cycle; B. Glycolysis; C. Electron transport system; D. Proton gradientList II: I. Cytoplasm; II. Mitochondrial matrix; III. Intermembrane space of mitochondria; IV. Inner mitochondrial membraneChoose th… Answer: 3. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III Key idea: match each process with its location in the cell. Citric acid cycle: mitochondrial matrix (II).... TCA cycle and electron transport system, ATP yield 1 answer
Identify the step in tricarboxylic acid cycle, which does not involve oxidation of substrate. Answer: 4. Succinyl-CoA → Succinic acid Key idea: oxidation steps in the TCA cycle produce NADH or FADH₂ . Isocitrate to α -ketoglutarate (N... TCA cycle and electron transport system, ATP yield 1 answer
Identify the correct description about the given figure: Answer: 2. Wind pollinated plant inflorescence showing flowers with well exposed stamens. Key idea: a dense spike with many long, well-expos... Flower structure, male and female gametophytes 1 answer
Match List I with List IIList I (Types of Stamens): A. Monoadelphous; B. Diadelphous; C. Polyadelphous; D. EpiphyllousList II (Example): I. Citrus; II. Pea; III. Lily; IV. China-roseChoose the correct answer from the options given below: Answer: 2. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III Key idea: classify stamens by how filaments are united. Monoadelphous (one bundle): China-rose (IV). Diade... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Match List I with List IIList I: A. Rose; B. Pea; C. Cotton; D. MangoList II: I. Twisted aestivation; II. Perigynous flower; III. Drupe; IV. Marginal placentationChoose the correct answer from the options given below: Answer: 2. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III Key idea: match the plant with its floral feature. Rose: perigynous flower (II). Pea: marginal placentatio... Flower, fruit and seed 1 answer
Lecithin, a small molecular weight organic compound found in living tissues, is an example of: Answer: 3. Phospholipids Key idea: lecithin is a phospholipid. It has glycerol, two fatty acids, a phosphate group and a choline head. Becau... Biomolecules: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids 1 answer
Inhibition of Succinic dehydrogenase enzyme by malonate is a classical example of: Answer: 4. Competitive inhibition Key idea: malonate looks like succinate, so it competes for the active site. Malonate is a structural anal... Enzymes: types, properties, action, classification 1 answer
Match List I with List IIList I: A. Nucleolus; B. Centriole; C. Leucoplasts; D. Golgi apparatusList II: I. Site of formation of glycolipid; II. Organization like the cartwheel; III. Site for active ribosomal RNA synthesis; IV. For storing nutrientsCh… Answer: 2. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I Key idea: match each organelle with its function or structure. Nucleolus: site of active rRNA synthesis (I... Mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies 1 answer
Match List I with List IIList I: A. Rhizopus; B. Ustilago; C. Puccinia; D. AgaricusList II: I. Mushroom; II. Smut fungus; III. Bread mould; IV. Rust fungusChoose the correct answer from the options given below: Answer: 2. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I Key idea: match the fungus with its common name or disease. Rhizopus: bread mould (III) Ustilago: smut fun... Monera, Protista and Fungi 1 answer
Which one of the following is not a criterion for classification of fungi? Answer: 3. Mode of nutrition Key idea: fungi are classified on morphology of mycelium, mode of spore formation and fruiting bodies. All fung... Monera, Protista and Fungi 1 answer
Tropical regions show greatest level of species richness becauseA. Tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years, hence more time was available for species diversification.B. Tropical environments are more seasonal.C.… Answer: 2. A, C, D and E only Key idea: tropics have more species because they are stable, predictable and energy rich. A (long undisturbed... Biodiversity: concept, patterns, importance, loss 1 answer
The type of conservation in which the threatened species are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care is called; Answer: 3. Biodiversity conservation Key idea: removing threatened species from their natural habitat and caring for them in a special setti... Biodiversity conservation: hotspots, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, national parks, sacred groves 1 answer
List of endangered species was released by- Answer: 1. IUCN Key idea: the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) publishes the Red List of threatened species. GEAC appro... Biodiversity conservation: hotspots, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, national parks, sacred groves 1 answer
A pink flowered Snapdragon plant was crossed with a red flowered Snapdragon plant. What type of phenotype/s is/are expected in the progeny? Answer: 3. Red flowered as well as pink flowered plants Key idea: Snapdragon shows incomplete dominance: RR is red, Rr is pink, rr is white.... Deviations: incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles, blood groups, pleiotropy, polygenic inheritance 1 answer
The lactose present in the growth medium of bacteria is transported to the cell by the action of: Answer: 4. Permease Key idea: in the lac operon, permease carries lactose into the cell. The lac operon has three structural genes: z codes... Gene regulation: lac operon 1 answer
Which one of the following can be explained on the basis of Mendel's Law of Dominance?A. Out of one pair of factors one is dominant and the other is recessive.B. Alleles do not show any expression and both the characters appear as such in F_2 generat… Answer: 3. A, C, D and E only Key idea: the Law of Dominance covers factors in pairs, dominant and recessive factors, and expression of only... Mendelian inheritance 1 answer
Match List I with List IIList I: A. Two or more alternative forms of a gene; B. Cross of F_1 progeny with homozygous recessive parent; C. Cross of F_1 progeny with any of the parents; D. Number of chromosome sets in plantList II: I. Back cross; II. P… Answer: 4. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II Key idea: match the genetic term with its definition. Alternative forms of a gene: allele (III). Cross of... Mendelian inheritance 1 answer
A transcription unit in DNA is defined primarily by the three regions in DNA and these are with respect to upstream and down stream end: Answer: 1. Promotor, Structural gene, Terminator Key idea: a transcription unit has a promoter, the structural gene and a terminator. The pr... Transcription, genetic code, translation, protein biosynthesis 1 answer
Which of the following are required for the dark reaction of photosynthesis?A. LightB. ChlorophyllC. CO_2D. ATPE. NADPHChoose the correct answer from the options given below: Answer: 4. C, D and E only Key idea: the dark (biosynthetic) reaction uses the ATP and NADPH made in the light reaction, together with CO₂ .... C3 and C4 pathways, photorespiration 1 answer
The capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell of the plant is called: Answer: 2. Totipotency Key idea: the ability of a single plant cell to grow into a complete plant is totipotency. Micropropagation is the te... Differentiation, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, development 1 answer
Formation of interfascicular cambium from fully developed parenchyma cells is an example for Answer: 4. Dedifferentiation Key idea: mature cells that regain the ability to divide undergo dedifferentiation. Interfascicular cambium for... Differentiation, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, development 1 answer

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