Genetics and Evolution Questions & Answers: NEET UG Zoology

NEET UG 2025 question paper (official, booklet 45)

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Given below are two statements :
Statement I : In the RNA world, RNA is considered the first genetic material evolved to carry out essential life processes. RNA acts as a genetic material and also as a catalyst for some important biochemical reactions in living systems. Being reactive, RNA is unstable.
Statement II : DNA evolved from RNA and is a more stable genetic material. Its double helical strands being complementary, resist changes by evolving repairing mechanism.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

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Sweet potato and potato represent a certain type of evolution. Select the correct combination of terms to explain the evolution.

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The flippers of the Penguins and Dolphins are the example of the

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Which one of the following factors will not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

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Given below are some stages of human evolution. Arrange them in correct sequence. (Past to Recent)
A. Homo habilis
B. Homo sapiens
C. Homo neanderthalensis
D. Homo erectus
Choose the correct sequence of human evolution from the options given below :

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Match List I with List II :
List I:
A. Mesozoic Era
B. Proterozoic Era
C. Cenozoic Era
D. Paleozoic Era
List II:
I. Lower invertebrates
II. Fish & Amphibia
III. Birds & Reptiles
IV. Mammals
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

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Select the correct group/set of Australian Marsupials exhibiting adaptive radiation.

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Given below are two statements:
Statement I: RNA mutates at a faster rate.
Statement II: Viruses having RNA genome and shorter life span mutate and evolve faster.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

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Which one of the following is NOT an advantage of inbreeding?

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Natural selection where more individuals acquire specific character value other than the mean character value, leads to :

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Which of the following statements is not true ?

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The factor that leads to Founder effect in a population is :

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Match List - I with List - II.
List - I / List - II
(a) Adaptive radiation (i) Selection of resistant varieties due to excessive use of herbicides and pesticides
(b) Convergent evolution (ii) Bones of forelimbs in Man and Whale
(c) Divergent evolution (iii) Wings of Butterfly and Bird
(d) Evolution by anthropogenic action (iv) Darwin Finches
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

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From his experiments, S.L. Miller produced amino acids by mixing the following in a closed flask :

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Embryological support for evolution was disapproved by :

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Which of the following refer to correct example(s) of organisms which have evolved due to changes in environment brought about by anthropogenic action ?
(a) Darwin's Finches of Galapagos islands.
(b) Herbicide resistant weeds.
(c) Drug resistant eukaryotes.
(d) Man-created breeds of domesticated animals like dogs.

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By which method was a new breed 'Hisardale' of sheep formed by using Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams ?

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Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins are examples of :

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In a species, the weight of newborn ranges from 2 to 5 kg. 97% of the newborn with an average weight between 3 to 3.3 kg survive whereas 99% of the infants born with weights from 2 to 2.5 kg or 4.5 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection process is taking place ?

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Match the hominids with their correct brain size :
(a) *Homo habilis* (i) 900 cc
(b) *Homo neanderthalensis* (ii) 1350 cc
(c) *Homo erectus* (iii) 650 - 800 cc
(d) *Homo sapiens* (iv) 1400 cc
Select the correct option.

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Variations caused by mutation, as proposed by Hugo de Vries, are :

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Select the incorrect statement.

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A gene locus has two alleles A, a. If the frequency of dominant allele A is 0.4, then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals in the population ?

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Among the following sets of examples for divergent evolution, select the incorrect option :

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The similarity of bone structure in the forelimbs of many vertebrates is an example of

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According to Hugo de Vries, the mechanism of evolution is

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Homozygous purelines in cattle can be obtained by :

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Artificial selection to obtain cows yielding higher milk output represents :

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Which of the following structures is homologus to the wing of a bird ?

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Following are the two statements regarding the origin of life :
(a) The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes.
(b) The first autotrophic organisms were the chemoautotrophs that never released oxygen.
Of the above statements which one of the following options is correct ?

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Analogous structures are a result of :

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Genetic drift operates in

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In Hardy-Weinberg equation, the frequency of heterozygous individual is represented by

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The chronological order of human evolution from early to the recent is

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Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the origin of life?
I. Formation of protobionts
II. Synthesis of organic monomers
III. Synthesis of organic polymers
IV. Formation of DNA-based genetic systems

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